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KMID : 1134820200490090907
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Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
2020 Volume.49 No. 9 p.907 ~ p.918
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Metabolic Analysis and Neuroprotective Effect of Domestic and Imported Walnuts (Juglans regia L.)
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Moon Jong-HYun
Lee Uk
Kim Jong-Min
Park Seon-Kyeong
Kang Jin-Yong
Shin Eun-Jin
Kim Gil-Han
Kim Hyun-Jin
Kim Chul-Woo
Heo Ho-Jin
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Abstract
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This study compared the in vitro antioxidant, neuroprotective effects, and metabolic analysis of domestic cultivars of walnuts (Juglans regia L.), such as Gimcheon 1ho, Geumgok, and Geumreung, and cultivars imported from China and USA. All cultivars showed considerable antioxidant activity. In particular, the Geumgok cultivar had the highest antioxidant capacity according to their 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activities. An analysis of the ferric reducing/antioxidant power revealed the Geumgok and USA cultivars to have significantly high activity. Moreover, the Geumgok cultivar had a considerable inhibitory effect on malondialdehyde production compared to the imported cultivars. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect was analyzed based on the antioxidant activity of walnuts. Geumgok showed a protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in adrenal gland PC12, human neuro-blastoma MC-IXC, and hippocampal HT22 cells. Finally, to identify physiological compounds with antioxidant and neuroprotective activity, walnut metabolites were investigated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight/mass spectrometer. Geumgok showed relatively high physiologically active compounds, such as hexahydroxydiphenic acid (HHDP)-glucose isomer 1, pedunculagin/casuarina isomer (bis-HHDP-glucose) 2, praecoxin A/platycariin (trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose) 2, and ellagic acid derivative compared to other cultivars. Based on these results, the Geumgok cultivar, which significantly has in vitro physiological activity compared to other cultivars, could be used as a valuable food for improving the brain function by ameliorating H2O2-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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KEYWORD
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Juglans regia L., walnut, antioxidant activity, neuroprotective effect
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